An excavator is an earth-moving machine that uses a bucket to excavate materials above or below the ground and load it into a transport vehicle or unload it to a stockyard. The materials excavated by the excavator are mainly soil, coal, silt, and pre-loose soil and rocks. From the perspective of the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and excavators have become one of the most important construction machinery in engineering construction.

Common excavators are driven by internal combustion engines and electric driven excavators according to their driving methods. Among them, electric excavators are mainly used in high altitude hypoxia and underground mines and other flammable and explosive places.

According to different scales, excavators can be divided into large excavators, medium excavators and small excavators

According to different ways of walking, excavators can be divided into crawler excavators and wheel excavators.

According to different transmission modes, excavators can be divided into hydraulic excavators and mechanical excavators. Mechanical excavators are mainly used in some large mines.

According to the purpose, excavators can be divided into general excavators, mining excavators, marine excavators, special excavators, etc.

According to the bucket, the excavator can be divided into a front shovel excavator, a backhoe excavator, a dragline excavator and a grab shovel excavator. Front shovel excavators are mostly used to excavate materials above the surface, and backhoe excavators are mostly used to excavate materials below the surface.